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Fig. 4 | Microbiome

Fig. 4

From: Fecal metagenomic profiles in subgroups of patients with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome

Fig. 4

Distinct microbial profiles of ME/CFS + IBS and ME/CFS without IBS compared to controls. a Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) analysis based on the BC dissimilarity with ME/CFS stratified by IBS co-morbidity. b Bar charts showing separation of ME/CFS with and without IBS compared to controls along PC1 (top panel); only ME/CFS without IBS showed significant separation along PC2 (bottom panel). c Bar chart showing the mean BC dissimilarity within control subjects, within ME/CFS without IBS and within ME/CFS with IBS subjects, as well as, between control vs. ME/CFS without IBS, between control vs. ME/CFS with IBS, and between ME/CFS without IBS vs. ME/CFS with IBS subjects. PCoA coordinates and BC dissimilarity values were compared as continuous variables with nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test; error bars show the SEM (standard error of the mean). *p < 0.05; ***p < 0.001. ns not significant. d, e Unique and overlapping bacterial species differentiate ME/CFS and ME/CFS IBS subgroups from control subjects. d Proportional Venn diagram showing the number of unique and overlapping bacterial species that differentiate ME/CFS groups from control subjects. e Circular visualization (Circos) showing the individual bacterial species and their unique or overlapping relationship between the total ME/CFS group, the ME/CFS without IBS group, and the ME/CFS with IBS group. Unique to total ME/CFS: Gemella unclassified (1), Streptococcus peroris (12), Eubacterium rectale (23), and Ruminococcus torques (34). Unique to ME/CFS without IBS: Bacteroides caccae (2), Bacteroides ovatus [64], Bacteroides vulgatus (4), Lactobacillus gasseri (5), Streptococcus infantis (6), Solobacterium moorei (7), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8), and Eggerthella lenta (46). Unique to ME/CFS + IBS: Butyrivibrio unclassified (42), Coprococcus comes (43), Roseburia intestinalis (44), and Desulfovibrio desulfuricans (45). Overlapping between all three comparisons (total ME/CFS, ME/CFS without IBS and ME/CFS + IBS groups vs. control): Alistipes unclassified (9), Clostridium asparagiforme (10), Clostridium bolteae (11), Eubacterium ventriosum (13), Coprococcus catus (14), Dorea formicigenerans (15), Dorea longicatena (16), Marvinbryantia formatexigens (17), Roseburia inulinivorans (18), Ruminococcus gnavus (19), Subdoligranulum variabile (20),and Coprobacillus bacterium (21). Overlapping between total ME/CFS and ME/CFS + IBS groups compared to controls: Alistipes putredinis (22), Eubacterium hallii (24), Anaerostipes caccae (25), Faecalibacterium cf. (26), Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (27), Faecalibacterium unclassified (28), and Ruminococcus obeum (29). Overlapping between ME/CFS without IBS and ME/CFS + IBS groups compared to controls: Bacteroides unclassified (30), Odoribacter splanchnicus (31), Parabacteroides distasonis (32), Parabacteroides merdae (33), Clostridium cf. (35), Clostridium scindens (36), Clostridium symbiosum (37), Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus (38), Blautia hansenii (39), Dorea unclassified (40), and Haemophilus parainfluenzae (41)

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