Fig. 2

D. vulgaris or DVF facilitates the experimental colitis in mice. A His-tagged DVF (903 bp) was cloned into the pSmart-I vector using restriction endonuclease sites (BamHI/XhoI). B Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining of recombinant DVF (left panel) and the indicated band was excised and analyzed by mass spectrometry (right panel). C The experimental design of DSS mouse model. D Body weight was presented as a percentage of the initial weight. E Representative images of anal bleeding. F–H DAI (F), colon length (G), and spleen weight (H) were analyzed. (I) Representative histological images of colon tissues by H&E staining (left panel) and histopathological score (right panel). Scale bars, 500 µm. All data are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, ns, not significant. Two-tailed Student’s t test in D; one-way ANOVA in F–I. DSV: Desulfovibrio vulgaris